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Is 16 a prime number?

16 is not a prime number. Here is the quickest way to see it.

The answer

No. 16 is not a prime number: 2 × 8 = 16.

How to see that 16 is not prime

16 is even, and every even number can be divided by 2, so 2 is a factor as well as 1 and 16.

16 has 5 factors (1, 2, 4, 8 and 16), which make 3 factor pairs.

Split 16 into prime factors

Split off the smallest prime each time, and keep going until every part is prime:

  1. 16 = 2 × 8
  2. 16 = 2 × 2 × 4
  3. 16 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2

With the repeated primes written as powers, that is 2⁴.

16 in the times tables

16 turns up in 3 different times tables, the 2, 4 and 8: 2 × 8, 4 × 4 and 8 × 2.

Quick checks that catch 16

  • The last digit, 6, is even, so 2 goes in.
  • Half of it is 8, which is still even, so 4 goes in.

16 at a glance

In words
sixteen
In Roman numerals
XVI
Odd or even
Even: it ends in 6
Square number
4 × 4 = 16
Its factors add up to
31, or 15 without 16 itself, which makes 16 a deficient number

The numbers either side of 16

  • 15 is not prime. Its digits add up to 1 + 5 = 6, which is a multiple of 3. That means 15 is a multiple of 3 too, so 3 is a factor. Check 15 in full
  • 17 is prime: 2 and 3 do not go into it, and 5 × 5 is already past 17. Check 17 in full

Turn the digits round

16 backwards is 61. 61 is prime: 2, 3, 5 and 7 do not go into it, and 11 × 11 is already past 61. Check 61 in full

Related pages

More numbers

Questions parents ask

Which prime numbers are either side of 16?

13 below it and 17 above it, a gap of 4.

What is 16 squared?

16 × 16 = 256.

What is the smallest number with as many factors as 16?

16 itself. No smaller number has 5 factors.

Number facts are the base of 11+ maths

Factors, multiples, primes and square numbers come up all over 11+ maths, from simplifying fractions to ratio. The free diagnostic checks maths, English and both kinds of reasoning, and shows what to practise next. No card is required.