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Verbal Reasoning · Word

Apply a word transformation rule

Apply one stated letter-level transformation rule to form a valid target word.

Free to use and free to share. There is no sign-up, no score, and nothing a child does here is recorded or sent anywhere.

Practise it now

SHELL became HELLS, and STING became TINGS. Work out what happened to the letters, then do the same thing to HEART.

It covers most of this skill rather than all of it.

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A worked example

One question of the kind this skill is tested with, worked all the way through: the reasoning, and what the wrong answers are there to catch.

Stating the move before you make it

In a puzzle, BRAN becomes BARN, and DART becomes DRAT. Using the same rule, what does WIFE become?

Work one demonstration through and see why the rule has to be said out loud first.

  1. WFIE
  2. IFEW
  3. EIFW
  4. EFIW

Answer: WFIE

How you get there

The rule is to swap the second and third letters, which is what turns BRAN into BARN, so doing the same to WIFE gives WFIE. The wrong options are what the other rules in this puzzle family would give, so each one is a real move applied to the wrong reading of the demonstration. Number the letters of the example and write down where each one ended up, because a rule you can state in a sentence is a rule you can apply, and one you only recognise is not.

Why the other answers tempt

An option that spells a real word is not more likely to be right: several of the rules in this family land on real words by chance.

If they are stuck, say this

Number the letters of the example word, then write the same numbers under the result. The order those numbers come out in is the rule.

Now do it live in Applying a Word Transformation Rule

What this exercise is doing

Applying a Word Transformation Rule

SHELL became HELLS, and STING became TINGS. Work out what happened to the letters, then do the same thing to HEART.

The rule here is to move the first letter to the end, which is why SHELL became HELLS, and why HEART becomes EARTH. The way to find a rule like that is to number the positions rather than to stare at the word: put the two words one above the other, and track where each numbered letter went. Once you can say the move as a sentence about positions, applying it to a new word is mechanical. Notice that the rule was fixed before the question was asked, so what matters is the move, not whether the result reads well. Doing the move and reading the result afterwards is faster and safer than guessing an answer and checking it backwards.

What to say if they get stuck

  1. Write the two words one above the other and number the letters. Ask where letter 1 of the first word ended up, then letter 2, and so on.
  2. The letters are only ever moved around, never changed or thrown away, so the answer uses exactly the same letters as the word you start from.

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Related verbal reasoning skills

All verbal reasoning 11+ skills

Questions parents ask about apply a word transformation rule

Answered from what the skill map records about this skill, not from a template. Every answer here is on the page, and the same questions are the page's FAQ structured data.

Apply one stated letter-level transformation rule to form a valid target word. It is one of 26 named verbal reasoning skills in the 11+, in the word strand, and this page carries 1 interactive exercise that practises it.

Verbal reasoning is a set of question types, not a subject to revise

A free diagnostic works out which of the codes, analogies, word puzzles and logic types are already secure, and which are not.