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What is a rhombus?

A rhombus is a four-sided shape with all four sides the same length.

The answer

A rhombus has 4 sides, 4 vertices and 2 pairs of parallel sides. The one drawn here has 2 lines of symmetry. A square has 4. The angles inside a rhombus add up to 360°.

Rhombus diagram and properties

Matching ticks mark equal sides. Matching arrows mark parallel sides.
PropertyCount
Sides4
Vertices (corners)4
Angles add up to360°
Right anglesA square is a rhombus with 4.0
Pairs of parallel sides2
Lines of symmetryA square has 4.2

Key facts about the rhombus

  • Its opposite sides are parallel, so a rhombus is a special parallelogram.
  • Opposite angles are equal. The two diagonals are its lines of symmetry, and they cross at a right angle.
  • A square is a rhombus whose angles are all right angles.
  • People often call it a diamond, but rhombus is the word 11+ papers use.

Where you see it

The diamond on a playing card, the pattern on an argyle jumper and some road signs turned on their corner.

The common mistake

Thinking a square turned on its corner becomes a rhombus that is not a square. Turning a shape never changes its name: a square turned round is still a square, with four right angles.

An 11+ style question

A rhombus has a perimeter of 36 cm. How long is each side?

Answer: 9 cm

  1. All four sides of a rhombus are the same length.
  2. 36 ÷ 4 = 9, so each side is 9 cm.

Related shapes and skills

More shapes

Questions parents ask

How many sides and vertices does a rhombus have?

A rhombus has 4 straight sides and 4 vertices (corners). Its angles add up to 360°.

How many lines of symmetry does a rhombus have?

A rhombus like the one drawn here has 2 lines of symmetry. A square has 4.

Is a square a rhombus?

Yes. A square has four equal sides, which is all a rhombus needs. A square is a rhombus with four right angles, just as it is a rectangle with four equal sides.

What is the difference between a rhombus and a kite?

A rhombus has all four sides equal and two pairs of parallel sides. A kite has two pairs of equal sides that sit next to each other, and no parallel sides.

Shape questions are quick marks in the 11+

Angles, symmetry, nets and 3D shapes come up in 11+ maths and non-verbal reasoning. The free diagnostic checks maths, English and both kinds of reasoning, and shows what to practise next. No card is required.